The Lorentz System

Chaos! A nice part of mathematics.

Find below a solution to the Lorentz system of equations that has been animated using MATLAB.

A solution to the Lorentz system

The Lorentz system consists of three equations:

\[\begin{aligned} \frac{\partial x}{\partial t} &= \sigma(y-x)\\ \frac{\partial y}{\partial t} &= x(\rho-z)-y\\ \frac{\partial z}{\partial t} &= xy-\beta z \end{aligned}\]

The system can be classed as chaotic due to the sensitive dependence on initial conditions. By changing the starting position of the simulation by a minute amount, the system diverges significantly. The below animation gives you an idea of what this looks like.

Demonstration of sensitive dependence on initial conditions

The red and blue indicate different paths where the \(y\)-position of each starting point was altered by \(+1\times 10^{-4}\).

For the MATLAB code used to create the above, click here.